Protozoa Guide review

Prasinococcus Miyashita and Chihara

genus / CHLORODENDRALES / PYCNOCOCCACEAE

Description

1993 Unicellular coccoid cells lacking flagella and eyespot . Each cell contains a single parietal Chloro- plast with a pyrenoid. A protrusion from the mitochondrion enters and fills a channel in the pyrenoid (see also Pycnococcus). Cells surrounded by a thick wall, comprising a well- defined thin inner layer and a very thick mucilaginous outer layer. A ring-shaped collar is present in one area of the wall, surrounded by large holes in the wall. Marine picoplanktonic cells recently described from the western Pacific (Miyashita et al., 1993). One species. Prasinococcus capsulatus Miyashita and Chihara, 1993 (Fig . 22). Cells spherical , 3.5-5.5 11m in diameter. Found commonly from the surface to 2 0 0 m depth, in both temperate and tropical waters of the western Pacific . ccus . ' .... . ... .· .. m~~~If-'-~.,.-:..,-'-- py ~~~~~-.-----'--- ·~~;:;p.:..~~~-- ch . . .... ~~~~~~..,..,-'--- w ._.._._.·. ·. .. ~·.:·i.:.:_· ;·-·'·-·.·;·. ·"~-'~.". .. ·..·>:::-· . . . '• .: • . ·:. ·... Detail of pyrenoid . ch , chloroplast; co , operculum surrounded by a ring of holes (h); cy, cytoplasm; ge, gelatinous envelope around the cell; go, Golgi body, m , mitochondrion ; n, nucleus; py , pyrenoid, containing projection of the mitochondrion ; s, starch grain; w , cell wall. (From Miyashita , 1993) . Barlow, S. B. & Cattolico, R. A. 1980. Fine structure of the scale-covered green flagellate Mantoniella squamata (Manton & Parke) Desikachary . Br. Phycol. J., 15 :321-333 . PRASINOPHYCEAE 1267 Becker, B., Becker, D., Kamerling, J. P. & Melkonian , M. 1991 . 2-keto-sugar acids in green flagellates : a chemical marker for prasinophycean scales . J . Phycol., 27 :498-504 . . · .. Becker, B., Becker, D., Kamerling , J . P., Melkonian , M . & Vliegenthart, F. G. 1989. Identification of 3-deoxymanno-2-octulosonic acid , 3-deoxy- 5-0-methyl-manno-2-octulosonic acid and 3-deoxy -lyxo-2-heptulosaric acid in the cell wall (theca ) of the green alga Tetraselmis striata Butcher (Prasinophyceae) . Eur. J. Biochem ., 182 :153-160. Belch er, J . H. 1966 . Prasinochloris sessilis gen. et sp . nov., a coccoid member of the Prasinophyceae , w i th some remarks upon cyst formation in Pyramimon as. Br. Phycol. Bull., 3:43-51. Boalch , G. T . & Parke , M. 1971 . The prasinophycean ' ---- ge genera (Chlorophyta) possibly related to f oss il genera , in pa rti cu lar the genus Tasmanites , in Farinacci , A. (ed .), Proc. II. Planctonic Cont., Rome A 1970, Edizioni Tecnoscienza, Rome , pp . 99-15 . Chretiennot-Dinet , M-J ., Courties , C., Vaquer, A ., Neveux , J., Claustre , H., Lautier, J. & Machada , M. C. 1995. A new marine picoeucaryote: asterococcus tauri gen. et sp . nov. (Chlorophyta, Prasinophyceae) . Phycologia , 34 :285-292 . Daugbjerg , N., Moestrup , 0 . & Arctander , P. 1995 . Phylogeny of genera of Prasinophyceae and Pedinophyceae (Ch lorophyta) deduced from molecular analysis of the rbcl gene. Phycological Research , 43 :203-213 . Eikrem , W. & Throndsen , J. 1990. The ultrastructure of Bathycoccus gen . nov. and B. prasinos sp. nov., a non-motile picoplanktonic alga (Chlorophyta , Prasinophyceae) from the Mediterranean and Atlantic. Phycologia , 29:344-350 . Guillard , R. L. , Keller , M. D., O'Kelly , C. J. & Floyd , G. F. 1991 . Pycnococcus provaso/ii gen . et sp. nov. a 8 coccoid prasinoxanthin-containing phytoplankter from the western North Atlanti c and Gulf of Me xico . J. Phycol. , 27 :39-47. Hasegawa, T ., Miyashita , H. , Kawachi , M., lkemoto, H., Kurano , N., Miyachi , S. & Chihara , M. 1996 . Prasinoderma coloniale gen . et sp . nov ., a new pelagic coccoid prasinophyta from th e Western Pacific. Phycologia , 35 :170-176 . Hori , T. 1983. Studies on the ultrastructure and (Prasinophyceae) . II. Subgenus Prasinocladia . Bot. Mag . Tokyo , 96 :385-392 . Hori , T . 1986 . Studies on the ultrastru cture and taxonomy of the genus Tetraselm is (Prasinophyceae) . Ill. Subgenus Parviselmis . Bot. Mag. Tokyo , 99 :123-135 . Hori T, Norris, R. E. & Chihara , M. 1982. Studies on the ultrastructure and taxonomy of the genus

Type species

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Raw text

1993
Unicellular coccoid cells lacking flagella and
eyespot . Each cell contains a single parietal Chloro-
plast with a pyrenoid. A protrusion from the
mitochondrion enters and fills a channel in the
pyrenoid (see also Pycnococcus). Cells surrounded
by a thick wall, comprising a well- defined thin
inner layer and a very thick mucilaginous outer
layer. A ring-shaped collar is present in one area
of the wall, surrounded by large holes in the wall.
Marine picoplanktonic cells recently described
from the western Pacific (Miyashita et al., 1993).
One species.
Prasinococcus capsulatus Miyashita and Chihara,
1993 (Fig . 22). Cells spherical , 3.5-5.5 11m in
diameter. Found commonly from the surface to 2 0 0
m depth, in both temperate and tropical waters of
the western Pacific .
ccus
. ' ....
. ...
.· ..
m~~~If-'-~.,.-:..,-'--
py
~~~~~-.-----'---
·~~;:;p.:..~~~-- ch
. . .... ~~~~~~..,..,-'--- w
._.._._.·.
·. .. ~·.:·i.:.:_· ;·-·'·-·.·;·. ·"~-'~.".
.. ·..·>:::-·
. . . '• .: •
. ·:. ·...
Detail of pyrenoid . ch , chloroplast; co , operculum
surrounded by a ring of holes (h); cy, cytoplasm; ge,
gelatinous envelope around the cell; go, Golgi body, m ,
mitochondrion ; n, nucleus; py , pyrenoid, containing
projection of the mitochondrion ; s, starch grain; w ,
cell wall. (From Miyashita , 1993) .
Barlow, S. B. & Cattolico, R. A. 1980. Fine structure of
the scale-covered green flagellate Mantoniella
squamata (Manton & Parke) Desikachary . Br.
Phycol. J., 15 :321-333 .
PRASINOPHYCEAE 1267
Becker, B., Becker, D., Kamerling, J. P. & Melkonian ,
M. 1991 . 2-keto-sugar acids in green flagellates : a
chemical marker for prasinophycean scales . J .
Phycol., 27 :498-504 .
. · .. Becker, B., Becker, D., Kamerling , J . P., Melkonian , M .
& Vliegenthart, F. G. 1989. Identification of
3-deoxymanno-2-octulosonic acid , 3-deoxy-
5-0-methyl-manno-2-octulosonic acid and 3-deoxy
-lyxo-2-heptulosaric acid in the cell wall (theca ) of
the green alga Tetraselmis striata Butcher
(Prasinophyceae) . Eur. J. Biochem ., 182 :153-160.
Belch er, J . H. 1966 . Prasinochloris sessilis gen. et sp .
nov., a coccoid member of the Prasinophyceae , w i th
some remarks upon cyst formation in Pyramimon as.
Br. Phycol. Bull., 3:43-51.
Boalch , G. T . & Parke , M. 1971 . The prasinophycean
'
---- ge
genera (Chlorophyta) possibly related to f oss il
genera , in pa rti cu lar the genus Tasmanites , in
Farinacci , A. (ed .), Proc. II. Planctonic Cont., Rome
A 1970, Edizioni Tecnoscienza, Rome , pp . 99-15 .
Chretiennot-Dinet , M-J ., Courties , C., Vaquer, A .,
Neveux , J., Claustre , H., Lautier, J. & Machada , M.
C. 1995. A new marine picoeucaryote: asterococcus
tauri gen. et sp . nov. (Chlorophyta, Prasinophyceae) .
Phycologia , 34 :285-292 .
Daugbjerg , N., Moestrup , 0 . & Arctander , P. 1995 .
Phylogeny of genera of Prasinophyceae and
Pedinophyceae (Ch lorophyta) deduced from
molecular analysis of the rbcl gene. Phycological
Research , 43 :203-213 .
Eikrem , W. & Throndsen , J. 1990. The ultrastructure
of Bathycoccus gen . nov. and B. prasinos sp. nov., a
non-motile picoplanktonic alga (Chlorophyta ,
Prasinophyceae) from the Mediterranean and
Atlantic. Phycologia , 29:344-350 .
Guillard , R. L. , Keller , M. D., O'Kelly , C. J. & Floyd , G.
F. 1991 . Pycnococcus provaso/ii gen . et sp. nov. a
8 coccoid prasinoxanthin-containing phytoplankter
from the western North Atlanti c and Gulf of Me xico .
J. Phycol. , 27 :39-47.
Hasegawa, T ., Miyashita , H. , Kawachi , M., lkemoto, H.,
Kurano , N., Miyachi , S. & Chihara , M. 1996 .
Prasinoderma coloniale gen . et sp . nov ., a new
pelagic coccoid prasinophyta from th e Western
Pacific. Phycologia , 35 :170-176 .
Hori , T. 1983. Studies on the ultrastructure and
(Prasinophyceae) . II. Subgenus Prasinocladia . Bot.
Mag . Tokyo , 96 :385-392 .
Hori , T . 1986 . Studies on the ultrastru cture and
taxonomy of the genus Tetraselm is
(Prasinophyceae) . Ill. Subgenus Parviselmis . Bot.
Mag. Tokyo , 99 :123-135 .
Hori T, Norris, R. E. & Chihara , M. 1982. Studies on
the ultrastructure and taxonomy of the genus