Description
Schizopyrenids in which the nucleolus forms two polar masses during mitosis (promitosis) . Amoeboid form usually cylindrical and usually uninucleate. Most species with a flagellated stage , one genus (Percolomonas, incertae sedis) so far not known to have an amoeboid stage. Vahlkampfia lacks a flagellated stage. b LM TEM 9 0 To determine generic identities it is necessary to establish pure cultures of each isolate. The Heterolobosea can have amoeboid and/or flagellated and/or encysted stages in their life cyle, and the presence or absence and appearance of these are essential diagnostic criteria . In practice this may be difficult since , depending upon culture conditions used, some isolates may fail to display all stages in the laboratory. Moreover, older amoeboid cultures frequently lose their ability to form flagellates or cysts. Viewing several protozoa in a culture is required to detail the features of a HETEROLOBOSEA 'typ ical ' vahlkampfi id. For example, some flagellates have four flagella , but occasionally three . For the purposes of this key , the typical form would be four. A phenotypically diverse group of protists which are being studied by molecular phylogeneneticists (e .g. Hinkle and Sogin , 1993). One genus, Lyromonas, is amitochondriate and requires TEM for ident if ication . 1. With mitochondria .... ....... ............. ...... .. .... .. ... ... 2 1'. Without mitochondria ..... ... ..... ... ..... Lyromonas 2. Without flagellate stage ........... .. ... .... ... .. ... ..... .... 3 2' . With a flagellate stage (or known only as a flagellate) ... .... ...... ..... ... .... .... ..... .. ...... ... ....... ..... 4 3. Amoebae always uninucleate ....... Vah/kampfia 3'. Amoebae fo rm multinucleate plasmodia on agar .... ...... .... .... .. .... ... ....... .. .... Pseudovah/kampfia 4 . With two flagella .. ........... ..... ..... .... ...... .. ..... ..... 5 4'. With more than two flagella ........ ..... .... ..... ...... 9 5. With anterior beak-like rostrum .......... .. ..... .. .... .. ... . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . Paratetram 5' . Without beak-l ike rostrum ........... .. ....... .. ...... 6 6. With cytostome .... ........................... .. .. ....... .. .. .. 7 6'. Without cytostome ...... .... ...... .. ......................... 8 7. Cytostome obvious , as deep groove ...... .. ...... .. .. .... .. .. .. ... .. . ... . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . Heteramoeba 7' . Cytostome indistinct, as circular apical depres- sion .. ........ ........ ....... ... .... .......... . Adelphamoeba 8. Cysts with pores ............................... Naegleria 8'. Cysts without pores ... .. ................... Didascalus 9. With three flagella .... .... .. .. . Trimastigamoeba 9'. With four or more flagella .. .... ............ .. .... .. .. 10 10. With four flagella .. .. ............... .. .... ...... .... .. ... 11 10' . With four sets of four flagella ..... ....... .. .... .. .. .. . . .. . .. .. . .. . . .. .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . .. .. . Psalteriomona 11. Cysts with pores .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. Willaertia 11 '. Cysts without pores .. .. .. ... .. .................... .... .. 12 11 0 5 12. With cytostomal groove ................ .. .. ... .... ... .. 13 12' . Without cytostomal groove ...................... .. .. . .. . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . Tetramastigamoeba 13. With lip-like anterior rostrum.. . Tetramitus 13'. Without anterior rostrum ...... Percolomonas
Type species
Figures
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Raw text
Schizopyrenids in which the nucleolus forms two polar masses during mitosis (promitosis) . Amoeboid form usually cylindrical and usually uninucleate. Most species with a flagellated stage , one genus (Percolomonas, incertae sedis) so far not known to have an amoeboid stage. Vahlkampfia lacks a flagellated stage. b LM TEM 9 0 To determine generic identities it is necessary to establish pure cultures of each isolate. The Heterolobosea can have amoeboid and/or flagellated and/or encysted stages in their life cyle, and the presence or absence and appearance of these are essential diagnostic criteria . In practice this may be difficult since , depending upon culture conditions used, some isolates may fail to display all stages in the laboratory. Moreover, older amoeboid cultures frequently lose their ability to form flagellates or cysts. Viewing several protozoa in a culture is required to detail the features of a HETEROLOBOSEA 'typ ical ' vahlkampfi id. For example, some flagellates have four flagella , but occasionally three . For the purposes of this key , the typical form would be four. A phenotypically diverse group of protists which are being studied by molecular phylogeneneticists (e .g. Hinkle and Sogin , 1993). One genus, Lyromonas, is amitochondriate and requires TEM for ident if ication . 1. With mitochondria .... ....... ............. ...... .. .... .. ... ... 2 1'. Without mitochondria ..... ... ..... ... ..... Lyromonas 2. Without flagellate stage ........... .. ... .... ... .. ... ..... .... 3 2' . With a flagellate stage (or known only as a flagellate) ... .... ...... ..... ... .... .... ..... .. ...... ... ....... ..... 4 3. Amoebae always uninucleate ....... Vah/kampfia 3'. Amoebae fo rm multinucleate plasmodia on agar .... ...... .... .... .. .... ... ....... .. .... Pseudovah/kampfia 4 . With two flagella .. ........... ..... ..... .... ...... .. ..... ..... 5 4'. With more than two flagella ........ ..... .... ..... ...... 9 5. With anterior beak-like rostrum .......... .. ..... .. .... .. ... . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . Paratetram 5' . Without beak-l ike rostrum ........... .. ....... .. ...... 6 6. With cytostome .... ........................... .. .. ....... .. .. .. 7 6'. Without cytostome ...... .... ...... .. ......................... 8 7. Cytostome obvious , as deep groove ...... .. ...... .. .. .... .. .. .. ... .. . ... . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . Heteramoeba 7' . Cytostome indistinct, as circular apical depres- sion .. ........ ........ ....... ... .... .......... . Adelphamoeba 8. Cysts with pores ............................... Naegleria 8'. Cysts without pores ... .. ................... Didascalus 9. With three flagella .... .... .. .. . Trimastigamoeba 9'. With four or more flagella .. .... ............ .. .... .. .. 10 10. With four flagella .. .. ............... .. .... ...... .... .. ... 11 10' . With four sets of four flagella ..... ....... .. .... .. .. .. . . .. . .. .. . .. . . .. .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . .. .. . Psalteriomona 11. Cysts with pores .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. Willaertia 11 '. Cysts without pores .. .. .. ... .. .................... .... .. 12 11 0 5 12. With cytostomal groove ................ .. .. ... .... ... .. 13 12' . Without cytostomal groove ...................... .. .. . .. . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . Tetramastigamoeba 13. With lip-like anterior rostrum.. . Tetramitus 13'. Without anterior rostrum ...... Percolomonas